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CHAPTER ONE
1.1 INTRODUCTION
Aquaculture according to FAO (1997) is defined as the farming
of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans and aquatic
plants up to final commercial production in selected or controlled
environment. The rapid growth in the culture fisheries sector contrasts
with the decline or near stagnation in the growth of supplies from
capture fisheries. There are inherent hazard and risks associated with
aquaculture production. (Erondu and Anyanwu, 2005).
In developed countries there have been heated debates among
stakeholders as to the risk and hazards of the system. This does not in
any way preclude the importance or significance of aquaculture in the
food sector; rather it is a means of resolving issues related to the
undesirable effects of the system. Unfortunately, the awareness has not
been created in developing countries that produce a major proportion of
the product. This is predicted on the fact that majority of the
producers belong to the informal sector of the economy.
The production system also present risk to public health,
change landscape of aquatic system resulting in habitat destruction and
loss of biodiversity. Chemical used in culture fisheries can become
disruptive and when they: Find their way into natural aquatic system,
they can cause irreparable damage to the ecosystem. Effluents from
culture fisheries which consist largely of fish and feed wastes contain
large quantities of nutrients that damage the water quality and also
generate unwanted algae. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that
these farms operate outside the institutional regulatory framework and
with minimal supervision from regulatory bodies.
1.2 AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND ANCILLARY
INDUSTRIES
The associated processes in aquaculture are:
(a) Processing: fish product are processed and packaged for local
consumption and export. The processes are carried out at the
local and industrial level. Theses include smoking, chilling, freezing,
canning, filleting and production of other value-added products.
(b) Laboratories: These are established in
research station, large hi-tech farms and processing plants for
environmental/facility water quality monitoring and quantity
control.
(c) Feed mill plants: These are established to produce on farm or commercial feeds. The scale operation is varied.
(d) Association industries: These are industries
that are involved in manufacturing equipment used in culture fisheries,
these include nets, fertilizer plants, bio filter, drugs, fibre glass
tanks etc. Finfish, shell fish and other farmed aquatic organisms are
produced in fresh water, brackish water and marine environment.
The receptacles for cultivation of these organisms include earthen ponds, pens, cages, rice fields, race ways, open water bodies etc. based on the level of operation the system is classified as:
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SIMILAR AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. FACTORS INFLUENCING FARMERS‟ ATTITUDE AND PARTICIPATION IN COMMUNITY-BASED AGRICULTUREAND RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME (CBARDP) IN SELECTED AREAS OF ...
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2. ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PROCESSING AND MARKETING OF CASHEW PRODUCTS IN UDENU LOCAL AREA, ENUGU STATE
» ABSTRACT This study aims in identification of cashew products that can be utilized in cashew. This ranges from cashew nuts, apple and cashew nut shell...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 50 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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3. PARTICIPATION OF YOUTH IN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES IN JEMA’A LOCAL AREA KADUNA STATE
» ABSTRACT This study sought to establish youth Participation in Agricultural Activities in Jema’a Local Government of Kaduna State, Nigeria. The ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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4. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECT OF REARING POULTRY
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5. SEMEN QUALITY AND EGG HATCHABILITY IN LOCAL TURKEY FED DIETS CONTAINING MORINGA OLEIFERA AND GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM LEAF MEAL.
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6. EFFECT OF RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
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7. PHOSPHATE MOBILIZATION BY ADDITION OF ORGANIC ACIDS IN TWO SOILS OF THE SOUTHERN GUINEA SAVANNA OF NIGRIA
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8. A STUDY ON CONSUMERS ACCEPTABILIY ON FRESH AND SMOKED CATFISH IN AWKA, ANAMBRA STATE
» ABSTRACT Fish is a major source of food for humans, providing significant portion of the protein intake in the diet of large proportion of the people,...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 56 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION DEPARTMENT
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9. MAXIMIZING YIELD AND NET RETURNS TO NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM FERTILIZER APPLICATION IN RICE (Oryza sativa.L) PRODUCTION ON LOW LAND SOILS
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10. THE IMPORTANCE OF FISH PRODUCTION AND ITS MARKETING VALUE IN UGHELLI NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OF DELTA STATE
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