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INTRODUCTION
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of inherited disorders of the beta-hemoglobin chain. Normal hemoglobin has 3 different types of hemoglobin – hemoglobin A, A2, and F. Hemoglobin S in sickle cell disease contains an abnormal beta globin chain encoded by a substitution of valine for glutamic acid on chromosome 11 (Bunn,2007). This is an autosomal recessive disorder. Sickle cell disease refers to a specific genotype in which a person inherits one copy of the HbS gene and another gene coding for a qualitatively or quantitatively abnormal beta globin chain. Sickle cell anemia (HbSS) refers to patients who are homozygous for the HbS gene, while heterozygous forms may pair HbS with genes coding for other types of abnormal hemoglobin such as hemoglobin C, an autosomal recessive mutation which substitutes lysine for glutamic acid. In addition, persons can inherit a combination of HbS and β-thalassemia. The β-thalassemias represent an autosomal recessive disorder with reduced production or absence of β-globin chains resulting in anemia. Other genotype pairs include HbSD, HbSO-Arab and HbSE (Meremiku, 2008).
Sickle hemoglobin in these disorders cause affected red blood cells to polymerize under conditions of low oxygen tension resulting in the characteristic sickle shape. Normal red cells live about 120 days in the blood stream but sickled red cells die after about 10 – 20 days. Because they cannot be replaced fast enough, the blood is chronically short of red blood cells, a condition called anaemia. Aggregation of sickle cells in the microcirculation from inflammation, endothelial abnormalities, and thrombophilia lead to ischemia in end organs and tissues distal to the blockage (Hayes, 2004).
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SIMILAR BIOCHEMISTRY FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
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1. DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION LEVELS OF GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE (OvGST1) GENE IN THE HOST (HUMAN) AND VECTOR Simulium damnosum
» Abstract Onchocerciasis, a neglected tropical disease (NTD), also known as river blindness, the world‟s second leading cause of preventable blindnes...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
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2. EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM AND ALLIUM SATIVUM ON LIPID PROFILE OF RATS TREATED WITH SODIUM ARSENITE
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Sodium arsenite is an inorganic compound with the formula with the formula NaASO2, it is also called ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 67 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
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3. EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF Jatropha tanjorensis ON LIPID PROFILE OF FEMALE ALBINO WISTAR RAT
» ABSTRACT This research work was carried out to determine the effects of ethanolic root extract of Jatropha tanjorensis on lipid profile of female albi...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 62 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
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4. NUTRITIONAL AND ANTI-NUTRITIONAL COMPOSITION OF DETARIUM MICROCARPUM
» ABSTRACT The pulp of Detarium microcarpum fruit was obtained and was analyzed for the proximate, mineral and anti nutrient composition using standard ...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
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5. THE EVALUATION OF MICROORGANISMS ON GARRI AT OGBETE MARKET
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6. INVESTIGATION OF THE PANCREATIC EFFECT OF BUCCHOLZIA CORICACEA FORMULATED DIET IN SUCROSE FED PREGNANT RATS AND THEIR OFFSPRING
» ABSTRACT Several plants have been used in the treatment of various disorders without scientific basis. The present study examine the pancreatic effect...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
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7. EVALUATION OF INHIBITORY EFFECTS OF KHAYA SENEGALENSIS AND VERNONIA AMYGDALINA EXTRACTS AGAINST SOME BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM POULTRY DROPPINGS
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8. EVALUATION OF ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LEAF AND ROOT OF ZIZIPHUS LOTUS L ON MULTIDRUG RESISTANT BACTERIA
» ABSTRACT Treatment of infectious disease is a major public health challenge due to the continual increase in drug resistance by microorganisms. Plants...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 102 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | BIOCHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT
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9. EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VEGETABLE OIL USING BREAD FRUIT SEED.
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10. EFFECT OF FRYING AND BOILING ON PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF OIL
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