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This study makes clear that a thorough exploration of users needs before building the system, using qualitative research methods may be crucial because it can prevent data mismatch and maximize the chance that the eventual management system meets its most important aim: to enhance patient’s empowerment and improve the quality of care services.
Certification
Approval
Dedication
Acknowledgment
Abstract
Table of content
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Statement of Problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Scope of Study
1.6 Definition of Terms
1.7 Project work Organisation
CHAPTER TWO:
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Patient Management System
2.2 Types of an Electronic patient Management system
2.2.1 Nursing Information System
2.2.2 Physical Information System
2.2.3 Radiology Information System
2.2.4 Pharmacy Information System
2.3 Benefits of Hospital Information System
2.4 Development and Future of Electronic Patient Management System
2.5 Features of Electronic Patient Management System
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0 SYSTEM DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Method of Data Collection
3.2.1 Primary Source
3.2.2 Secondary Source
3.3 Analysis of the Existing System
3.3.1 Input Analysis
3.3.2 Process Analysis
3.3.3 Output Analysis
3.4 Limitation of the Existing System
3.4.1 Justification For the New System
3.5 System Design
3.5.1 Input design and Specification
3.5.2 Information Flow Diagram
3.6 Database Design
3.7 System Flow Chart
3.8 Program Flow Chart
3.9 Top Down Design of the System
3.9.1 Registration Subsystem
3.9.2 Department Form Subsystem
3.9.3 DBMS Subsystem
3.9.4 Report Subsystem
CHAPTER FOUR:
4.0 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION, TESTING AND INTEGRATION
4.1 Choice of Development tools
4.1.1 Operating System
4.1.2 Visual Basic 6.0
4.1.3 Microsoft Access
4.2 Hardware and Software Requirement
4.2.1 Hardware Requirement
4.2.2 Software Requirement
4.3 System Implementation
4.4 System Testing
4.4.1 Unit Test
4.4.2 System Test
CHAPTER FIVE:
5.0 SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATION AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary
5.2Limitations
5.3Recommendation
5.4 Conclusion
5.5 BEME
Bibliography
Appendix A: Program Codes
Appendix B: Sample Output
Appendix C: User Guide
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
An Electronic Patient Management System is any tool used to
assist in the delivery of clinical care from point of care initiation to
completion. Tools include computer based attendance scheme for patient,
payment processing software and information technology systems, blood group and genotype to avoid test
result mismatch of data.Electronic based attendance scheme for Patients
is used by hospital to create process and record their attendance scheme
for patient’s information. This system is used to calculate the nurse
punctuate to work. It’s an effective tool in the hands of the hospital
management.
Duty is a term that conveys a sense of moral commitment to
someone or something. The moral commitment is the sort that results in
action, and it is not a matter of passive feelings or mere recognition.
When someone recognizes a duty, that person commits himself/herself to
the cause involved without considering the self-interesting courses of
actions that may have been relevant previously. This is not to suggest
that living a life of duty precludes one from the best sort of life, but
duty does involve some sacrifice of immediate self-interest.Cicero is
an early philosopher who acknowledged this possibility. He discusses
duty in his work “On Duty”. He suggests that duties can come from four
different sources:
1. It is a result of being human
2. It is a result of one’s personality place in life (your family, country, and job)
3. One’s own moral expectations for you can generate duties
From the root idea of obligation to serve or give something in
return, involved in the conception of duty, have sprung various
derivative uses of the word; thus it is
used of the services performed by a minister of a church, by a
soldier, or by any employee or servant.Nurses today have a broad scope
of responsibility as health care providers that require them, under some
circumstance, to exercise independent professional judgment. When
nurses exercise their judgment negligently, they may be held liable
because courts hold them to a correspondingly higher level of
accountability.Nurses have been held liable for their failure to monitor
and/or promptly respond to patients by informing physicians of
significant changes in patient’s condition. Under these types of
circumstance, nurses have an affirmative duty to exercise their
professional judgment to ensure that all adequate steps are taken to
treat patients appropriately.
Usage of Information Technology (IT) remained comparatively very
less in Health sectors that other sector despite having more potential.
Health Institution, which is an important sector, should encourage IT
usage resulting better productivity, effectiveness, efficiency and
economics leading to better health care of all. This paper tells a
success of implementation of ICT (Information Communication Technology)
in monitoring of medicine in health institution. System work on low-end
resources and E-mail (Electronic mail) based data transfer from District
Head Quarter to State Head Quarter.Implementation of Med-Centre in all
the district of Enugu result in checking on pilferage (the act of
stealing amounts or small articles) for medicine, increase in
availability of medicine at Government institution,
increase in attendance of patients/doctor in health institution,
optimal utilization of medicine and data capturing at source, resulting
in availability of error-free data at Head Quarter.
Electronic Patient Management System is a certified automated payment processing software. It is used by hospitals to input, process and display their patient information. This system is used to manage and maintain electronic medical records, patient information, prescriptions, lab reports etc. It is an effective tool in the hand of the hospital management. Shonahan Hospital,Nsukka, Enugu which is the case study, has patients whose fees are to be collected after treatment.
Shonahan Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu is one of the biggest and well equipped hospitals in Nigeria. It has nine (9) training schools/programmers in the hospital.From the studies carried out by the researcher, the hospital’s initial means of recording was manual from automated system to computerized system which lacked some features such as patients and nurses records.
The Hospital is a very important part of our society and it is
imperative for healthcare providers to do their jobs in an efficient and
effective manner. Each day hundreds of thousands of patients enter
healthcare facilities challenging the administration to run the show
smoothly. The employees have to manage and integrate clinical, financial
and operational information that grows with the
practice.Information technology has made a significant impact on
the healthcare sector. The past decade has witnessed the foray of
numerous information systems and their resultant products into the
hospital scenario. The number of investments in computers and types of
hospital systems has increased. This is because paper medical records
are cumbersome, bulky to use and difficult to manage. On the other hand
digital records are much easier to handle and improve the workflow
efficiency by integrating various tasks. The ultimate objective
therefore, is to build a network of interdependent centers such as the
clinical laboratory, radiology department, pharmacy, and so on in order
to effectively meet the needs arising within the hospital. Despite the
fact that these individual centers are autonomous, they are
interdependent in terms of delivering services and to ensure
effectiveness of providing care. All this can be achieved through
hospital information systems that have formed the cornerstone of today’s
modern hospital.
A patient is any person who receives medical attention, care or
treatment. The person is most often ill or injured and in need of
treatment by a physician or any other medical professional whereas an
outpatient is a patient who is not hospitalized for 24 hours or more but
who visits a hospital, clinic, or associated facility for diagnosis or
treatment. Treatment provided in this fashion is called ambulatory care.
This Electronic Patient Management System is necessary to ensure
the medical practitioner to maintain its operations in an organized and
well-coordinated manner. These solutions save time and run the
operations using the best mechanisms against liabilities. This system is
especially helpful in organizing and keeping patient records
up-to-date. Patient names, records of treatment and medicine given
records are well maintained. Maintaining patient records is really
helpful when you are allowed to refer to the patient's old history. Say
for example, you want to refer your old patients for mouth cancer or jaw
piece ulcers and cancers, you may be able to locate such records on the
basis of their symptoms or conditions as you had entered in the
database in the past. By law hospitals are required to record in the
outpatient information register once at the beginning of the morning
session and once during the afternoon whether the pupil is present,
absent, engaged in an approved, or unable to attend due to exceptional
circumstances as defined in regulation. If compulsory hospital patients
are absent the register must show whether the absence is authorized or
unauthorized. It must also record the nature of any approved
activities.By using this Electronic Patient Management System, the
department will provide the patients with convenience and security of
having their payment records been stored automatically into the database
for further processing. This automated method is the most advanced and
least expensive way to maintain and process patient’s payment records.
If a
patient’s payment record is not found in the database, definitely that patient’s fees has not yet been paid.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Prior to the problem encountered with patient’s attitude to
their check up and treatment, the nurse’s laxity (laziness) over their
duties, the need arose to develop a software that will be able to solve
the problem. The problem caused by the use of manual method of keeping
outpatient information and the use of manual method of keeping
attendance scheme for patients can only be solved by computerizing the
hospital attendance scheme for patients and computerizing the hospital
outpatient information system. The problems that this project is set to
solve in the manual method of keeping outpatient information are:
1. Improper documentation of patient payment record.
2. Difficulty in retrieving patient payment record.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The primary purpose of this project is to enhance the
reliability, security, and convenience in the administration of Shonahan
Hospital, Nsukka, Enugu, and to have a database that contains complete
and comprehensive details of patient departmental payment records as
well as a computer based attendance scheme.The subsidiary objectives of this project are:
1. To improve checkup and treatment load functionality: Staffing
level and appropriate skill-mix per shift can be more easily determined
by the shift modules. This leads to less time spent in designing and
amending roasters.
2. Better care planning: Time spent on care planning is
reducing, while the quality of what is recorded improved. This makes for
more complete care plans and more complete assessments and evaluations.
3. To facilitate diagnosis of patients thereby reducing patients wasting time
4. To exploit the use of ICT as a platform for medical services
5. To better drugs administration
6. For better maintenance of duty rosters
1.4 Significance of the Study
A patient management system works best as an early intervention;
more success was reported when targeted at more entrenched cases.While
some patient’s care is usually required, the nursing supervisee’s new
checkup and treatment include setting up checkup and treatment
schedules, assigning checkup and treatment to a nursing staff, and
ensuring that each member of the nursing team is adequately trained.This
means that they must ensure that nursing records are correctly
maintained, that report is correctly given at each shift change that
patient data are up to date and that equipment and other supplies are in
stock. Among these, other areas where this project work is significant
include:
1. Reducing mortality rate arising from important administration in the medical service.
2. Helping to determine how computerized of hospitals has contributed to easy medical services.
Furthermore, this work will serve as a reference work to students who are carrying research on this topic.
1.5 Scope of the Study
The scope of this study is centered on designing an Electronic
Patient management system for patients. In fact it involves all parts of
medical field in terms of record keeping for patient’s records and all
other aspect of field. However, this project has been limited to GOPD
(General Out–Patient Department) which includes the following areas:
1. Recording of patient health record
2. Acceptance of patient/personal symptom and compliant
3. Provisional prescription and treatment.
1.6 Definition of Terms
Computer: This is an electronic device that can accept data
information of inputs, process the data and it have the ability to store
the data and also retrieves it for future use.
Data: These are groups of non-random symbols such as words,
figures, values which represent event and things that have taken place.
Database: This is the collection of related files.
Doctors: These are those that give medical aid to patients.
Duty: This is a term that conveys a sense of moral commitment to someone or something.
Hardware: This can be defined as the physical component of the
computer system. Such as monitor, keyboard, printer, mouse. Etc.
Hospital: This is a health facility where people who are ill or injured are given medical treatments and care.
File: These are collection of related records.
Information: this is a data that has been processed into a form
which is meaningful to the recipient and which is of perceived value in
either current or prospective decisions or action by the recipient.
Management: This is the process of getting activities completed efficiently with and through other people.
Nursing: This is a profession focused on assisting individuals, families and communities in attaining, maintenance, and recovering optimal health and functioning. Modern definition of nursing defines it as a science and an act that focuses on promoting quality of life as defined by persons and families, throughout their life experiences from birth to care at the end of life.
Records: These are collection of related fields.
Software: This is an application or program that can be run on computer.
Storage: This is a processing of storage data and information using storage media.
1.7 Project Work Organization
The report is explained in details from Chapter 1, which
contains the preliminary part of the project that discuss the
procedures/methods used in carrying out the research.
Chapter two discuss the literature review of various researchers in the field and their analysis.
Chapter Three discuss the system design and methodology that explains the methods used.
Chapter Four explains the system analysis, Implementation and Integration that delivers the implied system of the work
Chapter Five discussed the summary, recommendation and conclusion of the project
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