- The Complete Research Material is averagely 69 pages long and it is in Ms-word Format, it has 1-5 Chapters.
- Major Attributes are Questionnaire, Data Analysis.
- Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE.
- Full Access Fee: ₦6,000
Get the complete project »
LITERATURE REVIEW
The preceding heading in this chapter provides insight into the Budgetary control in a non profit making organization as it affects National cereal research institute (NCRI) badeggi; also as a focus of discussion, the historical background the organization structure and administration of budgetary control of the N.C.R.I was highlighted with respect to a non profit making organization.
2.1 BUDGETARY CONTROL IN A NON PROFIT MAKING ORGANIZATION
budgetary is a financial planning that serves as the basis for expenditure decision making and therefor subsequent control of expenditure.
Planning is a systematic and formalized process for purposely directing and controlling process for purposely directing and controlling future operation towards desired objectives lack of adequate planning will result in an organization “Reacting” to unexpected event which can be costly, risky and socially disruptive. However careful planning gives the organization chance to and or anticipated danger. It required the management to be considerable research before making decision as which action to be taken. Every organization some form of budgeting. It is essentially important in non profit making organization especial those whose annual receipts or revenue are fixed or determined to adhere closely to plans as expressed in the budget. Performance control in the managerial content to direct the organization system is the ability to direct the organization activities towards fulfilling its objective.
Budgeting is a management control tool used to ensure achievement of organization set objective with indications of performance. Budgetary control system are designed to monitor the variables that determine the discrepancies with executed performance and to take corrective action if those discrepancies would impede the completion of the expected result.
Budget has been defined by M.W. Biggs, a renowned authority on budgeting as “a financial and or quantitative statement prepared prior to a definite period of period for the purpose of attaining a given objective.’[ however it is realized from the definition that budget is a pre- request in performance control processing. Once the budget has been approved and the budget period commence management at once the must being to exert strong efforts to reach the projected goals and to review these efforty as time goes by. This is the essence of budgetary control.
The management accounting in the civil service of Nigeria (1977) defined budgetary control as the establishment of budgets relating to the responsibilities of middle managers to meet the objectives of an organization and the continuous comparison of actual with budgeted result so that if remedial action is necessary, it may be taken at an early stage. The definition satisfies the description of an operating budget as “An operating short terms plan for managing the resources necessary to carry out a programme.’
Hence, budgets are assented feature of most control system. If well administered, they aid the planning process, provide performing criteria, serve as a communication tool, and co- ordinate organization activities. Thus , this makes it essential for non profit making organization whose service institute was established along side with other 22 research institutes by a Federal at Ibadan until 1984 when, for output are either social and or developmental to exert all effort to adhere. Strictly to the operating budget.
You either get what you want or your money back. T&C Apply
You can find more project topics easily, just search
-
SIMILAR ECONOMICS FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESEARCH TOPICS
-
1. THE ANALYSIS OF OIL PRICE SHOCK IN NIGERIA FROM 1970 TO 2014
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the study Nigeria gained an extra US$390 billion in oil related fiscal revenue over the period 1971 2005 (B...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
2. IMPACT OF NATIONAL DIRECTORATE OF EMPLOYMENT PROGRAMMES ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN GOMBE STATE
» ABSTRACT The severe nature of poverty in Nigeria has prompted the need for government to tackle this issue through programmes or projects aimed at pov...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 134 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
3. IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS IN VALUE ADDED TAX ON ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Exchange rate is the price of one country’s currency expressed in terms of some other curre...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
4. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS OF MACROECONOMIC INSTABILITY AND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT INFLOW IN NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Historical antecedents indicate that until the First World War, capital to developing countries c...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 87 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
5. IMPACT OF EXCHANGE RATE POLICY ON NON-OIL EXPORTS IN THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY(1999-2014)
» ABSTRACT The decline of non oil exports has had adverse effect on the economy. Since 1986, the federal government has formulated policies to enhance n...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
6. THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL LITERACY ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA
» ABSTRACT Financial Literacy is the ability to make informed judgments and to make effective decisions regarding the use and management of money .The n...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 75 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
7. INVESTIGATION OF THE NEXUS BETWEEN HUMAN CAPITAL INVESTMENT GROWTH AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA
» CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study The role of human capital in economic growth cannot be overemphasized. The development of human c...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 82 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
8. THE IMPACT OF INTEREST RATE LIBERALIZATION ON INVESTMENT IN NIGERIA
» ABSTRACT The importance of investment in economic growth cannot be overemphasized. This has led to an upsurge in the study of its determinants. This r...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 55 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
9. DOMESTIC MACROECONOMIC POLICIES AND PRIVATE FIXED CAPITAL FORMATION IN NIGERIA: A VAR APPROACH
» Chapter one Introduction The impact of rnacroeconomic policies on private capital formation, a topic of obvious concern to policy makers, has attracte...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 76 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT
-
10. INDEX NUMBER ANALYSIS ON THE PRICE OF PETROLEUM ON THE PRICE OF FOOD ITEMS (1999-2013)
» ABSTRACT Food items are an essential commodity for a healthy nation, the supply of food to any nation must be done without any form of compromise as a...Continue Reading »Item Type & Format: Project Material - Ms Word | 52 pages | Instant Download | Chapter 1-5 | ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT