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ABSTRACT
This study examines the influence of N.T.A Enugu in improving rural health care services in Ugwuaji community in carrying out this research both primary and secondary data were used and the researcher made use of sample size of 360 respondents across the local government area. Descriptive statistics were used and the findings showed that N.T.A play notable roles in improving rural health care services by informing the government on the poor state of health services on Ugwuaji community as noted by 27.8% of respondents sensitizing, the rural populace (Ugwuaji community to appreciate and participate on government health programmes as noted by 47.22% of respondents mobilizing the masses for positive actions towards health improvement e.g environmental sanitation nutrition e.t.c as noted by 100% of respondents. This research therefore builds its foundation on the affirmation of the diffusion of innovation theory which shows the ability of the media to sensitize the audience on the existence of some diseases and mobilizing them towards accepting some decisions or strategies that will help to improve the general health of the rural dwellers. This research thereby recommends that government should \regularly sponsor health programmes in N.T.A. The government should provide infrastructural facilities such as good roads, electricity, and telecommunications and also government should improve literacy level of rural dwellers in order for them to participate on health programmes.
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Health
is the most essential ingredient of life, deny man of that, he remains
impotent in life. People do not value their good state of health until
they have experienced one form of sickness or another.
However, as it
is being said that health is wealth, issues of health has overwhelmed
our daily comments since revolution of science.
According to records,
sickness of various kinds has endangered the life of various citizens
of Nigeria before, during and after the reign of colonial masters. Even
at present people of Nigeria among other developing countries sign our
detriment of sickness especially communication diseases like syphilis,
AIDS etc.
On the other hand, communication system during the era was
at its functional stage. The people of the third world countries rely on
local communication for their exchange of ideas. The use of metal and
wooden gong gun shots and smokes do not impact much information to
people and some knew they are selective in nature and health messages
are retarded.
Communication came and persisted in its function to
enthrone philosophers and scientists quest to standardize the health
welfare of people, communication has modernized people of the Third
World and made their embrace changes in their health environment. One
would say that since the advent of modern communication system, health
issues have embraced a new and prosperous era in the society.
Communication
functions to educate, inform and enculturete the people on the novel
Medicare. Since then, the policy of health has been a dynamic ongoing
process, less academia would ask mullion question on the immunization
programmes since
sickness has been pervasive, government,
non-governmental organization and individual are to fight it to a stop
through the media.
Just as communication is indispensable in any
human activity, Nigerian Television Authority as a broadcasting medium
nearest to Ugwuoji community is very vital to the sensitization of the
rural areas or a large, heterogeneous people for any activity that is of
interest to them.
The importance of communication in our daily lives
cannot be over-emphasized. Communication is central to human existence
and all human activities that it will be hard for any person, group,
institution or any nation to neglect it in their economic, political,
health and social lives. It is the most essential factor for building or
developing an organized, united, healthy or progressive nation or
society.
If N.T.A. Enugu does not play any role on improving rural
health care services, there will be no effective solution to rural
health problems especially on preventing the most rampant sickness which
is malaria in the rural area.
Based on the facts above, one can say
that in any communication through television should occupy a key
position in the interest of this research. The improvement of the rural
health care services is one of the cardinal objectives of the Nigerian
government since the nation’s independence. In suggesting a plan or a
design for a health care system of the rural area in Nigeria, government
planners are ever conscious of a feeling that they are working in “in
vacuo”. This is due to the lack of extensive and detailed factual
information as regards the state of the existing health care services
which also have relevance to the needs of the communities. They are
designed to serve, but should also be with the resources of the states
of the nation concerned. Hence it would be to assume the existence of
adequate financial support, manpower of various kinds and physical
facilities, including equipment and suppliers.
In addition it would
be illogical to ignore the existence of administrative and operational
structures, which will be to ensure adequate and timely logistic
support.
It is almost impossible to design a system of health care
service which is applicable to every rural area in Nigeria in view of
the different socio-economic conditions. Each state or local government
thus have to assess the available alternatives, consider its own
problems and then decide on priorities and organization. This assessment
may result in changing or modifying an existing system or even
involving new concepts. It is, however, important to state that Nigeria
is developing rapidly and modernizing at the same time, and it should be
realized fully that health care can help or hinder such process. Health
care services in Nigeria are very inadequate and disease is treat to
the efficiency of the population. This threat is nowhere more glaring
than on rural areas, where very little has been done to ascertain the
rural needs of the people and to plan to meet them with available
resources. Expenditure on health in Nigeria has therefore, so far failed
to cover the essential actions necessary to provide for the basic
health needs of the greater proportion of the people.
The objective
of any system is usually to provide basic health care to the rural areas
of Nigeria where more than 70 percent of the people live, so that care
is available to all the people all the time and as near as possible to
their homes. This is done within the resources available to the state
and local governments of Nigeria and in their socio-economic context,
with a view to promoting the principles on which the World Health
Organization (W.H.O) is founded. These principles, according to Nzewi
(2001) are as follows:
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmities.
The
enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the
fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race,
religion, political belief, economic or social condition. The health of
all people is fundamental to the attainment of peace and security and is
dependent upon the fullest co-operation of individuals and states. The
achievement of any state on the promotion and protection of health is of
value to all unequal development in different countries in the
promotion of health and control of disease, especially communicable
disease. The absence of this is a common danger.
Health development
of the child is of basic importance, the ability to live harmoniously in
a changing total environment is essential to such development. The
extension to all people of the benefits of medical psychological and
related knowledge to the fullest attainable standard of health informed
opinion and active co-operation on the part of the public are of utmost
importance in the improvement of the health of the people.
Governments
have a responsibility of the health of their people which can be
fulfilled only by the provision of adequate health and social measures.
The desire to improve the health care services as well as to disseminate
the information to the mass as on the attitudes that guarantee health
living in Nigeria had made the government to recognize the importance of
N.T.A. on the promotion of health care services.
In this regard, the
media had been widely used in health campaigns across the country. Some
of the most popular of such campaigns were successfully carried out
through the media (N.T.A.). Some of the most popular campaign are Roll
Back malaria programme, immunization programme in addition, during these
campaigns, Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) was used for
highlighting major health hazard
and to suggest the strategies for ameliorating the health conditions of the rural peoples.
In
other words, Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) was used to present
the health problems of the rural people and possible solution is easily
understood in terms and forms. Besides, in the 1960’s and 1970’s
Nigeria; the ignorance on health issues were tortured by the epidemic of
child diseases especially in early 70’s and late 60’s.
Also epidemic
sexual transmitted diseases like Gonorrhea peppered the youths, married
men and women. During this period, over 20,000 citizens especially the
children between the ages of one to ten years lost their lives. This is
because people in the rural areas dwell more on roots and herbs with
little or no precautions. These threatened the health of the nation and
then pushed the country for campaign relieved people from these
predicaments.
Furthermore, acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
is a recent recognized disease throughout the world. First it is caused
by infection with the human immune deficiency virus (HIV) which attack
selected cells in the immune system and produces defects in function.
AIDS
cases were first reported in 1981 in U.S.A. because it was common among
homosexual then it was originally termed “Gay related immune deficiency
virus (HIV). Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) which compares as
channel of mass communication has been empowered by recent technological
innovations to disseminate relevant information to the rural areas on
the hazard of this endless sickness, such sickness is like measles,
tetanus and whopping cough have reduced its victimization to the members
of the society in the recent days.
Consequently the benefits of
immunization programme cannot be over emphasized. At present, children,
youths and even adults of age are relieved from contaminating diseases.
The Nigerian Television Authority was chosen as a case study in
dedermining the role it plays as a broadcast medium in improving rural
health because it is the most effective and nearer to people of Ugwuaji
community.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The problem
to investigate the extent to which television stations have influenced
or have helped to improve rural health care services in Ugwuaji
community. Since it is necessary to accomplish the objectives of this
study, therefore it is imperative to make the information flow across
the whole community. Hence the problem on this research work are:
1.
The primary problem of the study is to evaluate the role of Nigerian
Television Authority in terms of packaging rural health care programmes
that will enable them function more efficiently, accurately in improving
rural health care services
2. To find out the problem of religion
and culture value of the community. If it can make them not to accept
rural health programmes based on television messages.
3. To find out
the effort of television couverage in various health programmes and to
see if it can influence or improve rural health care services and the
initiatives of Ugwuaji people.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The objectives of this research are as follows:
1.
To examine the role of the Nigerian Television Authority in the
improvement of rural health care services in Ugwuoji community.
2. To identify those factors that prevent Nigerian Television Authority from fulfilling these roles
3.
To suggest the strategies for enhancing the efforts of Nigerian
Television Authority on the crusade for the improving of rural health
care services.
1.4 Research Questions
This study will be guided by the following research questions
1.
How does television information (NTA) help the people of Ugwuaji
community to develop interest in rural health care programme?
2. How does Ugwuaji community embrace N.T.A. health programmes on prevention of common diseases?
3. To what extent does N.T.A. encourage health development on Ugwuaji community?
4. What are those factors that prevent Nigerian Television Authority from fulfilling these roles?
1.5 Significance of the Study
The
findings and recommendations to be made on this study if implemented
will improve the activities of the media in the area of improvement
programmes of rural health care services. This Nigerian Television
Authority will do by attracting health improvement programmes to the
rural areas through the dissemination of vital health information to
both the government and the masses.
Nigerians in general will also
benefit from this research. This is because the improvement of the
health care services at the rural areas will make positive impact in
their lives since more than 80 percent of them live in the rural areas. A
healthy nation
is a wealthy nation, the implementation of the
findings of this study will help to build a strong verile and
self-reliant nation that would be emulated by other nations.
Through
this study, Ugwuaji community will learn some strategies on how to
prevent some rampant disease that are common in rural areas, for example
malaria.
1.6 Scope and Delimitation of the Study
The
study borders on the media and its contributions to the improvement of
rural health care services. It equally extended the border line to
include the characteristics of the rural areas. The study is limited to
the staff of the Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) Enugu. The work is
also expected to evaluate the health coverage on Ugwuaji community by
Nigerian Television Authority (NTA), but we would not in all expectation
claim hundred percent (100%) success, as a result of the problems that
may crop during the research.
However, the study as to a reasonable
extent affected by unavailability of human resources, incredible return
of our shared questionnaire, which jeopardized our explanation on some
necessary aspects of the topic.
1.7 Definition of Terms: Operational Definition
Rural
This
can be seen as the interior part of the country side that is not
developed. Rural is also a non-urbanized or village community which
could be located in a city, adjacent to the city or far away from the
city.
Rural Health
It is the study of health and health care
delivery in rural environments. The health of the rural dwellers are
critically examined and analyzed.
1.8 Assumption of the Study
It is
assumed that, majority of the rural dwellers though has been threatened
by one sickness or another has not actually adhered to instructions and
warning for health, victimization. The implication of health hazards to
individual life and the society in general, considering the destructive
tendencies it passes on our nearest future with its promise and
aspiration, need a re-addressing to improve the living standard.
Equally,
we assume that the mass media is not versatile in health campaign
unless it is a bad announcement, that mass messages on health do not
create a powerful effect on the public.
Chapter One of Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services Project Material ends here.
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CHAPTER TWO
Chapter two of this Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services” research work is available. Order full work to download. Chapter Two of “Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services Contains: Literature Review, Sources Of Literature, Review Of Related Literature, Information Dissemination As A Strategy For Improving Rural Health Care, Sources, Television And Rural Improvement, An Overview, The Concept Of Broadcasting, The Effect Of Media On Rural Development, Media In Relation To Rural Development, The Media A Potential Tool For Encouraging Rural Development, Theoretical Framework: Diffusion Of Innovation Theory And Summary Of Literature Reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE
Chapter three of this Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services” academic work is available.Order full work to download. Chapter Three of “Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services" Contains: Research Design, Population Of Study, Sample And Sampling Technique, Instrument For Data Collection, Validity Of The Instrument, Method Of Data Collection And Method Of Data Analysis.
CHAPTER FOUR
Chapter four of this Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services project work is available. Order full work to download. Chapter Four of Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services Contains: Data Analysis And Result.
CHAPTER FIVE
Chapter five of this Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services material is available. Order full work to download. Chapter Five of Influence Of Nigerian Television Authority (N.T.A.) Enugu In Improving Rural Health Care Services Contains: Discussion Of Findings, Conclusions, Recommendations, References And Appendix.
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