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ABSTRACT
This study was a cross sectional evaluation study which
sought to find out the nutritional impact of the supplementary feeding
programme on the target population – children 6 months to 59 months. The
study also looked at other factors (socio-economic and demographic)
known to affect the nutritional status of children. The impact of the
supplementary feeding programme was measured based on anthropometric
indicators ? height-for -age, weight ?for ? age, and weight-for-height.
The study used multistage sampling techniques to select 400 children 6
to 59 months from the base-line study carried out at the beginning of
the programme in 2003 by reviewing the existing baseline data. Four
hundred (400) children 6 to 59 months old benefiting from the
supplementary feeding programme as at August, 2007 were also selected
using the register of beneficiary children in each community.
Anthropometric measurements were taken of the sampled children (post
intervention) while same was retrieved from the sampled baseline data
(baseline). Mothers/ care-givers of the children were the subjects for
interview, and similar information was sought out from the sampled
baseline data.
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background Information. Under
nutrition is an underlying cause of 53% of all deaths in children
younger than age 5 years (WHO, 2005). The prevalence of stunting
(chronic under nutrition) has dropped world wide. In developing
countries, stunting dropped from 47% in 1980 to 33% in 2000 (WHO, 2000),
although progress has been uneven among regions. Stunting has increased
in Eastern Africa, but decreased in South-eastern Asia, South-central
Asia and South America. Northern Africa and the Caribbean show modest
improvement while Western Africa and Central America present very little
progress (WHO, 2005). Despite an overall decrease of stunting in
developing countries, child malnutrition still remains a major public
health problem in these countries. In some countries rates of stunting
are rising, while in many others they remain unacceptably high (WHO,
2003). The pattern in Africa is quite distinct. The prevalence of
stunting declined from 40.5% in 1980 to 35.2% in 2000, a decrease of
only 0.3 percentage points per year (WHO, 2005). The highest level of
stunting is found in Eastern Africa, where, on the average, 48% of
preschool children are currently affected. In this region, stunting has
been increasing at 0.1 percentage points per year.
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