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ABSTRACT
This project is aimed at knowing the role of the Electoral Commission in enchasing development of democracy in Nigeria (A case study Imo State Independent electoral commission Owerri). This project is my modest Contribution to the already existing knowledge about the role of Electoral Commission in Enchasing Development of democracy in Nigeria just as the role of women in enhancing community development.
The project is divided into five chapters for the purpose of effective research work chapter one consist of the introduction, statement of the problem, Objectives of the study, significance of the study and limitation of study and definition of terms. Chapter two outlines the review of related literature and reference the Oretical framework /hypothesis. Chapter three consist of research design and methodology, Area of study, population, source of data and the data used in writing this project is a secondary data and was generated through questionnaires, the total number administered is one hundred and twenty questionnaires twelve(12) were wrongly, filled, twenty eight (80) were returned. Chapter four consist of the data presentation and analysis and the statistical method used is Chi-square, the research findings were discovered that responses from 4:1 were of the opinion that there is a need for an electoral process for the survival of democracy in Nigeria. While chapter five consist of the summary, conclusion, Bibliography, Recommendations which stages that there is a need for an electoral process for the survival of democracy and in Nigeria research questionnaire and questionnaire format instructor.
CHAPTER ONE
1.0 BACKGROUND OF STUDY
In every democratic system, the electorates elect those who will represent their interest at the government level and chart the course for their socio-economic development.
The election is therefore used as a vital instrument to elect those who would be in authority and champion the course and welfare of the citizenry as well as promoting peace and stability in the state.
In Nigeria, the independent national electoral commission (INEC) was set up in 1998 major general Abdusalam Abubaka who succeeded them the head of state major general Sani Abuacha who died mysteriously prior to Abuchas exit, he had in place an election that will usher in the democratically elected government in 1st October 1998.
However, after his death, the Abubaka’s regime cognizance of the role of electoral commission dissolved the NECON and set-up –the independent National Election commission (INEC) charge to organize and ensure an effective election and smooth transition of power military government respectably thus , to ensure holistic conduct of the elections, state independent electoral commissions were set upon or establish in all the emergence of Imo State Independent Electoral Commission (IMOSIEC) which had the same statutory function as that of INEC to ensure a peaceful, free and fair conduct of both state, local government and council election in Imo State.
Therefore, for a deeper and all a compassing knowledge of the role of electoral, electoral commission in enhancing the development of democracy in Nigeria, IMSIEC was considered as a case study in view of the fact that it constitutes an integral part of the independent national electoral commission.
However the staff of IMSEC, who was one hundred and twenty (120) and the general public who were one fifty-two (52) in number through random selection constitution the population for this research exercise.
1.1 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
There had been clear ion calls from people in Nigeria on the haphazard manner and pattern in which electoral commission
handled elections in the past result often lead to corruption of violence and subsequent cost of valuable lives and property.
In addition, the problems of electoral mal-practical, rigging, the ballot box and paper hijack among the rank and file of the assumed independence electoral commission officials, which remorsefully in must case, erupt crises thereby destabilizing the policy. Furthermore, the issue of the late arrival of and in adequate electoralaterials in most polling centre as well as inaccurate voters list which sometimes disfranchise eligible registered electorates from exercising their civic responsibilities.
Most importantly non- neutrality of the electoral commission constitutes remorse fully another major problem. It is incontestable that the various electoral commission we have in the past has in a way or the other unduly influenced by some political stalwarts in declaring a falsified result in favour of candidates who would have lost the election. Additionally, it commissions knowledge that he who pays the piper, dictates the time, therefore, there is every possibility that induce influence by the ruling party will definitely affect the statutory performance of the independent electoral commission.
1.2 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY.
Aware of the fact that the peace and stability of a given polity cannot be handled with kid glove approach, the need to involved an effective and efficient functional machinery of transition of power from one democratically elected government to another becomes unquestionable imperative. In the light of the above, this research seeks to pursue the following objective.
(1) Assess the performance of the electoral commission in Nigeria especially, the independent national electoral commission (INEC)
(2) To examine the role, functions and activities of the electoral commission in and stability of the nation.
(3) To analyze the problems, hindrances obstacle and lapses of the electoral commission.
(4) To examine the feature of the free and fair election in Nigeria.
(5) To identify the problems of the military against the conduct of free and fair elections in Nigeria using Imo State independent electoral commission as a case study.
1.3 SCOPE OF THE STUDY IN LIMITATION
This research work was limited to Imo state alone the dimension of this study will not exceed the use of questionnaires and personal interviews through a request for relevant materials and available document from the chairman the researcher. However, amidst these constraints, the researcher was able to make progress with the available resource at hand given the limited time frame.
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The significance of the study cannot be overemphasized. This researcher work in therefore significant in the following areas.
(1) It is significant to the following areas. Federation of Nigeria as some of them will be informed by its revelation.
The negative role some of them play in securing power.
(2) It will serve as an eye-opener to the electorates who will be exposed to some vital issues beyond their imagination.
(3) It will also be significant to the politicians who allow their selfish interest to come to bear on the collective interest of the people in Nigeria
(4) It will serve as a morale booster to the official of the independent national and state electoral commission on the vital role that plays in enhancing democracy in Nigeria.
(5) It is significant for students who would research further on the course under discussion.
(6) It will equally expose the research on some vital issue affecting the stability of the country.
1.5 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
It is understandable of the fact that the ways election are organized for leaders to emerge as the ensure forms of politics. Therefore, this research work is backed up by the Car/Max theory and the western liberal theory the Marxist concept of polities was concerned with society. Individual and the economy. It was based on production reproduction and sustenance of the material existence of any society.
Therefore, the Marxist sees politics as a struggle or contest for the control of the economic and social institution, the state, the outcome of this consists in the division of society into two antagonistic class the bourgeoisie and proletariat.
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